Scrub Typhus

Infectious Diseases

Orientia tsutsugamushi infection transmitted by chigger bite, endemic across the Asia-Pacific 'tsutsugamushi triangle'.

Clinical features

  • Acute undifferentiated fever
  • Eschar at bite site (look in skin folds)
  • Lymphadenopathy, rash
  • ARDS, AKI, meningoencephalitis in severe disease

Investigations

  • IgM ELISA, PCR from eschar or blood
  • FBC (thrombocytopenia), LFTs, CXR
  • Exclude dengue, malaria, leptospirosis

Management

  • Doxycycline 100 mg BD × 7 days (rapid defervescence within 48 h)
  • Azithromycin 500 mg OD in pregnancy or children
  • Supportive care for ARDS/shock

Clinical pearls

  • Always undress and search for the eschar — it clinches the diagnosis
  • Failure to defervesce in 48 h should prompt review of the diagnosis

Related in WardRound

Educational — verify locally.

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