Scrub Typhus

Infectious Diseases

Orientia tsutsugamushi infection transmitted by chigger bite, endemic across the Asia-Pacific 'tsutsugamushi triangle'.

Clinical features

  • • Acute undifferentiated fever
  • • Eschar at bite site (look in skin folds)
  • • Lymphadenopathy, rash
  • • ARDS, AKI, meningoencephalitis in severe disease

Investigations

  • • IgM ELISA, PCR from eschar or blood
  • • FBC (thrombocytopenia), LFTs, CXR
  • • Exclude dengue, malaria, leptospirosis

Management

  • • Doxycycline 100 mg BD × 7 days (rapid defervescence within 48 h)
  • • Azithromycin 500 mg OD in pregnancy or children
  • • Supportive care for ARDS/shock

Clinical pearls

  • • Always undress and search for the eschar — it clinches the diagnosis
  • • Failure to defervesce in 48 h should prompt review of the diagnosis

Related in WardRound

Educational — verify locally.

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