Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatology

Chronic symmetric inflammatory polyarthritis of synovial joints with extra-articular features.

Clinical features

  • Symmetric small joint pain + early morning stiffness >1 h
  • MCP/PIP/wrist swelling
  • Fatigue, rheumatoid nodules
  • Extra-articular: ILD, vasculitis, anaemia, Sjögren

Investigations

  • RF, anti-CCP (more specific)
  • ESR/CRP
  • X-ray hands & feet (erosions, juxta-articular osteopenia)
  • USS / MRI synovitis

Diagnosis

  • ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria ≥6/10

Management

  • Early DMARD: methotrexate ± hydroxychloroquine ± sulfasalazine ± low-dose prednisolone bridge
  • Add biologic (anti-TNF, JAK inhibitor) if DAS28 >5.1 despite ≥2 DMARDs
  • Folic acid 5 mg weekly with methotrexate

Complications

  • Joint destruction, deformity
  • CVD (excess risk)
  • Infection on biologics

References

  • NICE NG100 RA 2018

Educational — verify locally.

WardRound

WardRound

Clinical Decisions in Seconds