Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Endocrinology

Length-dependent sensorimotor neuropathy from chronic hyperglycaemia, the leading cause of diabetic foot ulceration.

Clinical features

  • Glove-and-stocking numbness
  • Burning nocturnal pain
  • Loss of ankle jerks and vibration sense
  • Painless ulceration

Investigations

  • 10 g monofilament and 128 Hz tuning fork annually
  • Exclude B12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, alcohol, uraemia

Management

  • Optimise glycaemia and cardiovascular risk
  • First-line pain: duloxetine, amitriptyline, pregabalin or gabapentin
  • Podiatry, footwear, daily foot inspection

Clinical pearls

  • Foot ulcer + neuropathy = urgent multidisciplinary foot service referral
  • Rapid glycaemic correction can precipitate treatment-induced neuropathy

Related in WardRound

Educational — verify locally.

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