Hypertensive Crisis

Emergency Medicine

BP ≥180/120 with (emergency) or without (urgency) acute end-organ damage.

Investigations

  • 12-lead ECG, troponin
  • U&E, urinalysis (haematuria, proteinuria)
  • Fundoscopy
  • CT brain if neuro symptoms

Management

  • Urgency: oral agents, gradual reduction over 24-48 h
  • Emergency: IV agents (labetalol, nicardipine, GTN, nitroprusside)
  • Target: reduce MAP 10-20% first hour, then further 5-15% next 23 h
  • Exceptions: aortic dissection SBP <120 rapidly; ischaemic stroke lytic <185/110; ICH <140

Complications

  • Hypertensive encephalopathy
  • Aortic dissection
  • Papilloedema, retinal haemorrhage

Related in WardRound

Educational — verify locally.

WardRound

WardRound

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