Normal findings
- • Symmetric lung parenchyma
- • No mediastinal mass
- • Vessels and airways patent
Common abnormal findings
Pulmonary embolism
- • Filling defect in pulmonary artery on CTPA
- • Wedge-shaped infarct
- • RV strain signs
Pneumonia
- • Air bronchograms in consolidated lung
- • Tree-in-bud (bronchiolitis)
Lung mass
- • Spiculated nodule
- • Lobar collapse from central tumour
- • LN > 1 cm short axis
ILD
- • Honeycombing
- • Reticulation
- • Ground-glass opacification
Interpretation tips
- • Use lung and mediastinal windows always
- • Look at bones for metastases
Clinical correlation
- • PE confirmation needs anticoagulation decision based on bleeding risk
- • Solitary nodule = follow Fleischner society guidelines
Common mistakes
- • Calling subsegmental PE without artefact exclusion
- • Missing rib fractures on lung window only
Educational support only — not a substitute for clinical judgment.
