CT Brain (Non-contrast)

CT

Normal findings

  • Symmetric ventricles, basal cisterns patent
  • Grey-white differentiation preserved
  • No midline shift

Common abnormal findings

Acute infarct

  • Loss of grey-white differentiation
  • Hyperdense MCA sign
  • Insular ribbon loss

Acute haemorrhage

  • Hyperdense (60-80 HU)
  • Site predicts cause: basal ganglia = hypertensive

SAH

  • Hyperdensity in sulci / basal cisterns
  • Best within 6h of ictus

EDH vs SDH

  • EDH: biconvex, doesn't cross sutures
  • SDH: crescentic, crosses sutures

Mass effect

  • Midline shift
  • Effaced sulci/cisterns
  • Herniation patterns

Interpretation tips

  • Use brain, bone and blood windows
  • Compare both hemispheres

Clinical correlation

  • Sudden severe headache + normal CT → still do LP for SAH if <12h
  • Acute infarct on CT often delayed → MRI DWI more sensitive

Common mistakes

  • Missing subtle hyperdense MCA sign
  • Calling effacement without comparing sides

Educational support only — not a substitute for clinical judgment.

WardRound

WardRound

Clinical Decisions in Seconds