Asthma — Stepwise Therapy (BTS/NICE)

Respiratory

Chronic management — escalate based on symptom control.

Regimens

  • Step 1

    SABA PRN (salbutamol 100 mcg 2 puffs)

  • Step 2

    Add low-dose ICS (beclomethasone 200 mcg BD)

  • Step 3

    Add LTRA (montelukast 10 mg nocte) or LABA

  • Step 4

    MART regimen — combined ICS/formoterol used as both reliever and preventer

  • Acute severe

    O₂, salbutamol 5 mg neb back-to-back + ipratropium 0.5 mg neb, prednisolone 40 mg PO × 5 d, IV magnesium 2 g if poor response

Monitoring

  • Peak flow diary
  • Inhaler technique annually
  • Symptoms (RCP3) + exacerbations

Common prescribing errors

  • LABA without ICS (mortality)
  • SABA monotherapy >3 inhalers/year (poor control marker)
  • Discharge without PEF / steroid course / follow-up
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