COVID-19 Follow-up / Long COVID

Infectious Diseases

Persistent symptoms >12 weeks after acute COVID-19 not explained by alternative diagnosis.

History taking

  • • Fatigue, breathlessness, cognitive issues, palpitations, chest pain

Examination

  • • General: vitals, pallor, icterus, oedema, lymphadenopathy
  • • Focused system examination
  • • Look for red-flag findings

Red flags

  • • Haemodynamic instability
  • • Rapid deterioration
  • • Severe pain or new neurological deficit

Differential diagnosis

  • • See differentials section per chief complaint

Recommended investigations

  • • CBC, CRP, ferritin, D-dimer, TFT, BNP, CXR, ECG as guided

Diagnosis

  • • Clinical diagnosis supported by targeted investigations

Initial treatment / management

  • • Multidisciplinary: pacing, pulmonary / cardiac rehab, mental health support

Follow-up advice

  • • Review in 2–4 weeks or earlier if worsening
  • • Monitor response to therapy and adverse effects

Patient counselling

  • • Explain diagnosis and natural course in lay terms
  • • Red-flag symptoms warranting urgent return
  • • Adherence to medications and follow-up

Referral criteria

  • • Refer if diagnostic uncertainty, complications, or failure of first-line therapy

References

  • • Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21e
  • • NICE / WHO guidelines (current edition)

Educational outpatient guide — verify against local guidelines before clinical use.

WardRound

WardRound

Clinical Decisions in Seconds