Raised creatinine (AKI)
Common causes
- • Pre-renal: dehydration, sepsis, cardiac failure
- • Intra-renal: ATN, AIN, GN
- • Post-renal: obstruction
Significance: Use KDIGO staging (creatinine rise ≥0.3 in 48h or 1.5× baseline).
Differential diagnosis
- • Pre-renal AKI
- • ATN
- • AIN (drugs)
- • Glomerulonephritis
- • Obstructive uropathy
Next investigations
- • Urine routine + microscopy
- • FENa / FEUrea
- • USG KUB
- • ABG (acidosis)
- • Autoimmune panel if GN suspected
Red flags
- • Hyperkalaemia >6.5
- • Severe acidosis pH <7.2
- • Pulmonary oedema
- • Uraemic encephalopathy
