Red flags
- Neurotoxic paralysis (respiratory failure)
- Bleeding (hemotoxic)
- Rhabdomyolysis, AKI
First steps
- Immobilise limb below heart
- Do NOT tourniquet, incise, or suck
- Pressure immobilisation bandage (elapids)
- IV access, bloods, tetanus
Key investigations
- 20 min whole blood clotting time (20WBCT)
- CBC, coag, U&E, CK, urinalysis
- Local snake ID if possible
Differentials
- Non-venomous bite
- Spider/scorpion envenomation
Initial management
- Polyvalent antivenom if envenomation confirmed (India: viper, cobra, krait, saw-scaled)
- Neostigmine + atropine for neurotoxic (elapid)
- FFP/cryo for coagulopathy
- Fluid resus + urinary alkalinisation for rhabdo
Referral
- Toxicology, nephrology if AKI
AI clinical assessment
Enter patient details to generate evidence-based guidance.
This tool is for educational and clinical support only. It does not replace professional medical judgment or institutional protocols.
